a)Univ. v Ljubljani,
Medicinska fak., Inštitut za patologijo, Medicinski eksperimentalni center,
Zaloška 4, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija
ABSTRACT
With the advent of
molecular genetics, inbred strains became one of the most powerful tools in
biomedical research. Their applications are numerous and range from
investigating basic mechanisms of genes and gene regulation to the
generation of models of human diseases, which can be used for
pathophysiological, biochemical, molecular and therapeutic studies.
Therefore, the need for uniform and authentic animals within the genetically
standardized strains is understandable and from the perspective of validity
of results also necessary. The purpose of this article is to outline the
potential sources of genetic variation of rodent (mainly mouse and rat)
colonies and to describe the methods used to monitor or control this
variation. These methodologies may be applied in both breeding centres and
individual research laboratories.
THE COURSE
OF FERMENTATION OF STARCH WITH THE ADDITION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF TANNINS
a) and Andrej LAVRENČIČ
a)Univ. of
Ljubljana, Biotechnical Fac., Zootechnical Dept., Groblje 3, SI-1230
Domžale, Slovenia.
ABSTRACT
Four different concentrations (0 (control), 0.33, 0.67 and
1.33 mg ml–1
medium) of three tannin extracts (chestnut (F75) and quebracho (QUE) tannin
extracts and tannic acid (TAK) were used to investigate their effect on the
kinetics of in vitro fermentation of starch. Gas production was
measured at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h after the start
of incubation. Gompertz model was used to estimate kinetic parameters “B”
(total potential gas production), “C” (relative degradation rate) and “A”
(constant decay in relative degradation rate). First and second derivatives
of Gompertz model were used to calculate the maximum fermentation rate (MFR)
and time of maximum fermentation rates (TMFR). Addition of F75 (507.8
ml g–1 DM) and QUE (474.2 ml g–1
DM) significantly decreased (P < 0.05) total potential
gas production compared to control (528.4 ml g–1
DM). On contrary, the addition of TAK (560.5 ml g–1 DM)
significantly increased total potential gas production. Maximum fermentation
rate of starch (50.6 ml h–1) occurred
after almost 9 hours of incubation. The addition of tannin extracts
significantly increased TMFR; this increase was greatest when 0.33 mg of
tannin extracts were added to the medium. Type and concentration of tannin
extracts had significant effect (P < 0.01) on maximum fermentation rate of
starch. The lowest reduction in MFR was determined when F75 was used (MFR
reduced to 42.0 ml h–1), while it was
reduced to 38.1 ml h–1 when TAK and
34.7 ml g–1 when QUE were used. The
greatest reduction in MFR was determined when the concentration of 0.67 mg
of tannin extracts/ml medium was used.
Key words: animal
nutrition / tannins / starch / fermentation / rumen / Gompertz / gas
production
THE
USE OF TERMS WILD, BRED AND FARMED ANIMALS IN SLOVENE LEGISLATION
a)
a)
LUTRA, Inštitut za ohranjanje naravne dediščine, Opekarska 11, SI-1000
Ljubljana, Slovenia, M.Sc.
ABSTRACT
Agricultural
biodiversiy includes, among other, wild animal species that are used or may
be used for the production of food. Animals may be farmed or bred for food,
wool, leather, furskin or for other economic purposes, but we can also breed
them for company, recreation, protection or work. The purpose of farming and
breeding is crucial for setting of criteria for handling individual animal
or a groupof them. Legal purposes request precise and harmonised terminology.
The paper deals with the use of terms such as animals of wild species kept
in captivity, bred (game) animals, farmed (game) animals in Slovene
regulation. In Slovene legislation there is no single act which holistically
regulates breeding and farming of animals of wild species. The use of terms
in regulations which partially deal with the subject is not harmonised and
does not fully take into consideration the use of animals. The article gives
the sugestions for subdivision and use of studied terms as well as changes
of some legislation acts. The schematic representation of core differences
between terms under consideration is presented.
Agris
category codes: L51
COBISS Code 1.01 Language: English
EXAMINATION OF AI-2 QUORUM SENSING SYSTEM IN Prevotella bryantii AND
Prevotella ruminicola-LIKE STRAINS BY USING BIOLUMINISCENCE ASSAY
Gregor GORENC, Filip
LUKÁŠ and
a)
a)
Univ. of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Fac., Zootechnical Dept.,
Chair for Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Groblje 3, SI-1230
Domžale, Slovenia,
Prof., Ph.D.
ABSTRACT
Rumen is an example of a complex microbial ecosystem where
extensive intraspecies as well as interspecies cell-cell cross-communication
is expected, but little is known about. Four ruminal Prevotella
strains, Prevotella bryantii B14, TC1-1 and TF1-3, and
P. ruminicola-like strain 223/M2/7A were examined for the presence of
AI-2 type quorum sensing systems. Vibrio harveyi BB170 autoinducer
bioassay was used in order to detect the production of AI-2 autoinducer in
examined strains. Optimization of autoinducer bioassay was made to test the
influence of sampling time and the substrate used in chemically defined
medium CD on reporter strain luminescence signal. We discovered that AI-2
type qurum sensing system is present in P. ruminicola-like
strain 223/M2/7A, which induced more than 74% of reporter strain
bioluminescence, regardless of the presence of glucose in chemically defined
medium CD. Such induction of bioluminescence was not observed in P. bryantii
strains, however.
Key words:
microbiology / rumen / Prevotella / quorum sensing / bioassay / V.
harveyi BB170
Evaluation of toxic and genotoxic potential in lake water samples by
bioassays
Ilja Gasan OSOJNIK ČRNIVEC
and
a)
a) Univ.
of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Fac., Zootechnical Dept., Groblje 3, SI-1230
Domžale, Slovenia., Prof.,
Ph.D., M.Sc.
ABSTRACT
Preservation of the natural resources, valuable natural features and spatial
characteristics plays an important role in the environmental management and
is based on permanent environmental monitoring. For the time being, the
current legislation regarding environmental monitoring in Slovenia is based
mostly upon physicochemical analyses. Since the physicochemical analyses do
not provide information about biological effects, interactions between
sample compounds and bioactivation, bioassays have been considered for
environmental monitoring supplementation. In the present study the adequacy
of a commercial toxicity screening test Thamnotoxkit FTM, which
includes a freshwater crustacean Thamnocephalus platyurus and two
genotoxicity determination test, a standard microbial Ames plate
incoroporation test with Salmonella typhimurium TA97, TA98 and TA100
strains and the comet assay with the eukaryotic microorganism Tetrahymena
thermophila has been evaluated. With the selected biotests toxic and
genotoxic effects of lake water samples from Šalek valley were evaluated and
compared with the measured physicochemical values.
Agris
category codes:
F01
COBISS Code 1.01 Language: English
EVALUATION OF ETHIOPIAN ISOLATES OF Pseudomonas fluorescens AS
BIOCONTROL AGENT AGAINST POTATO BACTERIAL WILT CAUSED BY Ralstonia (Pseudomonas)
solanacearum
Henok KUARABACHEW a), Fasil ASSEFA and Yaynu HISKIAS
a)
Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization, P.O.BOX 2003, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia.
ABSTRACT
A total of 50
fluorescent pseudomonas were collected from different potato growing areas
in Ethiopia isolated and characterized, and evaluated on king’s B medium for
their antibiosis towards Ralstonia solanacearum the pathogen of
bacterial wilt of potato. Out of the 50 isolates only three i.e., Pf S2, Pf
Wt3 and PfW1 showed inhibition against the growth of the pathogen. To test
their antagonistic effect under greenhouse condition an experiment was
conducted using sterilized soil. Tubers of bacterial wilt susceptible potato
clone CIP 383031.15 were used. The potato tubers were dipped into 48 hrs old
culture suspension of the three isolates i.e., Pf S2, Pf Wt3, PfW1 and Pfri
(Indian reference strain) for 1 hr and planted in pots containing sterilized
soil. Bacterization of tubers with isolates Pf S2, Pf Wt3, and PfW1,
significantly reduced by 59.83% the incidence of bacterial wilt compared to
the pathogen-inoculated control and increased plant growth (plant height and
dry weight) by 59.83%, 76.89% and 28.44%, respectively. This suggests the
importance of the studied isolates as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.
