|
Acta agriculturae slovenica, Supplement 1(August 2004),
145–151. |
MILK PRODUCTION IN RECORDED COWS IN THE LAST TEN YEARS IN CROATIA
Sonja JOVANOVAC
a),
Kreąimir KUTEROVAC, Vesna BULIĆ and Damir RIMAC
a) Josip Juraj
Strossmayer Univ. of Osijek, Fac. of Agriculture, Trg Sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000
Osijek, Croatia, Prof., Ph.D.
Review paper
Language: English
ABSTRACT
The results of milk recording in Croatia were studied for the
period of ten years. In the past years, the number of cows under selection
control has been significantly increased. In 1994 this percentage was 19.5%,
while in 2003 it increased up to 62.5%, when compared to the total number of
cows. Unlike farming enterprises, the number of cattle producers and herd size
on family farms has been increased. The number of milk recorded cows has been
increasing as well. In 2003 there were 20.9% milk recorded cows, ten years ago
only 8.9%. In Croatia, the most used breed is Simmental (67.2%), followed by
Holstein (31.8%), and Brown breed (0.95%). The growing interest of the producers
on family farms in Holstein breed is evident. The milk production of Simmental,
Holstein and Brown breeds is presented separately for the family farms and for
the enterprises. The increased average of milk yield, fat and protein percentage
during 305 days of lactation is evident in all 3 breeds, particularly since
2001. Ranging in milk production traits in recorded cows during the monitoring
period, as well as quite significant positive trends in recent years are
reflecting the breeding conditions in Croatia.
Key words: cattle / dairy
cows / milk production / recording / Croatia
|
Acta agriculturae slovenica, Supplement 1(August 2004),
153–159. |
DEVELOPMENT OF GOAT BREEDING IN HUNGARY
Ágnes PINTÉR
a), Gyula TOLDI and Sándor KUKOVICS
a)
Univ. of
Kaposvár,
Faculty of Animal Science,
Guba S. u. 40, H-7400
Kaposvár, Hungary, M.Sc.
Original scientific article
Language: English
ABSTRACT
The level of Hungarian goat breeding is far below the European
average, the population is less than 10% of sheep’s. The number of mother goats
is only about 60 000 heads. The population shows medium values in
both meat- and milk-production, but well adapted to the environmental
conditions. A planned improvement of the present population and local breeds
will get the goat breeding close to the level of the EU. Today only a limited
number of purebred herds (Alpine, Saanen and Boer), suitable to this purpose,
can be found in the country. Maintaining the existing purebred herds, three new
dairy breeds (Hungarian Dairy White Goat, Hungarian Dairy Brown Goat, and
Hungarian Dairy Multicolour Goat) are being formed. The goal of our
investigation was to determine the present production level of our goat
population based on the analysis of collected data representing different
genotypes. Differences in production of different breeds and genotypes were
determined.
Key words:
goats / breeds / milk yield / daily weight gain / Hungary
|
Acta agriculturae slovenica,
Supplement 1(August
2004), 161–167. |
REPRODUCTION OF RABBIT DOES DIVERGENTLY
SELECTED FOR BODY FAT CONTENT
Gábor Milisits
a)
and András Lévai
a)
Univ. of Kaposvár, Guba S. u.
40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary,
Ph.D., M.Sc.
Original scientific article
Language: English
ABSTRACT
Body fat content of Pannon White rabbits was determined at 10
weeks of age using an EM-SCAN SA-3152 type Small Animal Body Composition
Analyser (TOBEC method). Based on the fat determined content, the best and worst
16% of does and the best and worst 8% of bucks were chosen and mated with each
other (a fatty doe with a fatty buck and a lean doe with a lean buck). Changes
in the conception rate showed that rabbits selected for a high body fat content
became pregnant at a higher rate compared to rabbits with a low body fat. In
contrast to this non-fatty does showed better results in the case of litter size
at birth. In the case of alive born pups also the superiority of non-fatty does
was observed, but the differences between the groups were less important in this
case. The reason of this may be in the changes of dead born pups. The mortality
rate of pups during the suckling period (till 21 days of age) showed that the
mortality of the offspring of non-fatty does was higher compared to the
offspring of fatty ones. As conclusion it was established, that does selected
for high body fat content have mostly higher conception rate, produce smaller
litters at birth, but because of the lower mortality rate of their offspring
during the suckling period they have larger and heavier litters at 21 day after
parturition as compared to the non-fatty ones.
Key words: rabbits /
reproduction / selection / fat / TOBEC
|
Acta agriculturae slovenica,
Supplement 1(August
2004),
169–171. |
GENE PRESERVATION IN DEER SPECIES
Zoltán ZOMBORSZKY a), Miklós SZABARI, Éva KANGYALICS
and Róbert TÓTH
a)
Univ. of
Kaposvár, Fac. of Animal Science, Guba Sándor u. 40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary,
Ass.Prof., Ph.D., e-mail:
zzombors@mail.atk.u-kaposvar.hu.
Original scientific article
Language: English
ABSTRACT
Trophy value and body mass of the red and fallow deer (Cervus
elaphus, Dama dama) living in Hungary is well known all over the
world. In this study we researched the bovine in vitro fertilisation (IVF)
method for saving the genetic material of killed males and females in order to
establish a deer gene bank. First of all we studied wether it is possible to
collect oocytes from females after shooting. In IVF experiments these oocytes
and post mortem collected spermatozoa from epididymides were used. Our results
show it is possible to obtain oocytes which are able to maturate after death,
and that the bovine IVF protocol requires more exams.
Key words: deer / gene bank
/ biotechnology / Hungary
|
Acta agriculturae slovenica,
Supplement 1(August
2004), 173–178. |
EFFECT OF ACORN
(Quercus
robur)
INTAKE ON FAECAL EGG COUNT IN OUTDOOR REARED BLACK SLAVONIAN PIG
Kreąimir SALAJPAL
a),
Danijel KAROLYI, Relja BECK, Goran KI©, Ivan VICKOVIĆ, Marija ĐIKIĆ
and Damir KOVAČIĆ
a)
Univ. of Zagreb,
Fac. of Agriculture, Dept. of Animal Science, Svetoąimunska 25, HR-10000 Zagreb,
Croatia,
Ass.
Original scientific article
Language: English
ABSTRACT
Chemical composition of the acorn (Quercus robur), tannin
content and its ability to influence the faecal egg count output reduction in
the Black Slavonian Pig reared in outdoor production system were investigated. A
total of 20 Black Slavonian Pigs with naturally acquired parasite were randomly
divided into experimental (E) and control (C) group. The pigs in experimental
group were fed an acorn Ad libitum and the pigs of the control group were
given only 2 kg of concentrate. The faecal egg count (FEC) was assessed by
individual pig before and after acorn consumption. Faecal egg count reduction
percentage (FECR%) was calculated
separately for
large roundworm (Ascaris suum)
and other
gastrointestinal parasites (Oesophagostomum
spp., Strongyloides and Hyostrongylus sp.). The
results demonstrate that acorn is tannin rich forage (65.6 g kg–1)
which can reduce FEC output of pigs parasitised with gastrointestinal
nemathodes. The reduction in total faecal egg count output in acorn fed pigs was
96.01%. FECR% for A. suum and other nematodes of the gastrointestinal
tract (Oesophagostom spp., Strongyloides and Hyostrongylus sp.) was
96.56% and 93.55%, respectively. These results would imply that the
gastrointestinal nematode population was highly sensitive and responsive to the
effect of acorn tannin in feed. Therefore, the acorn grazing has the potential
of aiding in the control of the gastrointestinal parasites in the outdoor reared
Black Slavonian Pig and consequently results in reduced need for anthelmintic
treatment.
Key words: pigs / breeds /
Black Slavonian Pig / outdoor system / acorn / Quercus robur / tannin /
parasites
|
Acta agriculturae slovenica,
Supplement 1(August
2004),
179–184. |
INFLUENCE OF COLOSTRAL IMMUNITY ON GAIN AND HEALTH STATUS IN CALVES
Joľica JE®EK
a) and Martina KLINKON
a)
Univ. of Ljubljana, Veterinary
Fac., Clinic for ruminants, Cesta v Mestni log 47, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia,
Ass., Ph.D., jozica.jezek@vf.uni-lj.si.
Original scientific article
Language: English
ABSTRACT
The calves are born without their own immunoglobulins (Ig),
hence they get them by drinking of colostrum. For their health it is crucial to
get enough Ig as soon as possible after birth. The research included 36 dairy
calves, which were monitored from birth to the age of 24 weeks. The Ig content
in colostrum was measured with colostrometer. In the calf serum, it was
determined indirectly, by measuring the enzyme activity of gamma glutamyl
transferase (GGT) or concentration of total serum protein (TSP), in the first
week of life. The concentration of serum albumin (Alb) was also measured. The
calf health status was regularly monitored; weight gain was assessed with chest
girth measuring. Mean gains in calves which got ill were lower than in healthy
ones; though the difference was not statistically significant. The statistical
analysis showed that Ig concentration in colostrum influenced concentration of
TSP and GGT activity in calf serum, but not the concentration of Alb. Time of
first drinking of colostrum had a statistically significant influence on GGT,
but not on the TSP and Alb. The serum Alb concentration differed between male
and female calves. The correlation between Ig concentration in colostrum and TSP
concentration and GGT activity in calf serum was statistically highly
significant. Activity of GGT was in statistically significant correlation with
TSP concentration. Optimal supply with colostrum of good quality is important
for calf health, but a good management is also essential.
Key words: cattle / calves
/ colostrum / immunology / immunity / health status
|
Acta agriculturae slovenica,
Supplement 1(August
2004),
185–190. |
ECOLOGICAL PRODUCTION AS A MARKET REGULATOR FOR THE PORK MARKET IN THE COUNTY
OF OSIJEK AND BARANJA
Zdravko TOLU©IĆ a), Gordana KRALIK and Vladimir
MARGETA
a)
Josip Juraj
Strossmayer Univ. of Osijek, Fac. of Agriculture, Dept. of Agroeconomics, Trg
svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia, e-mail:
ztolusic@pfos.hr, Ass.Prof., Ph.D., M.Sc.
Original scientific article
Language: English
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research was to examine our consumers’
perception of the high-quality ecologically produced meat and to ascertain to
what extent this form of production and the quality of thus obtained pork can
influence the pork market flows and be a regulator of this market. Based on the
results of our research, we may conclude that pork is an important foodstuff in
the diet of the residents of the County of Osijek and Baranja, since more than
80% of our subjects eat pork at least once a week. Price, instead of quality, is
still the most important criterion for the purchasing of meat. More than 40% of
the subjects pay no attention to the origin of meat when purchasing it, and a
third of them do not check whether the meat is suitable in terms of health.
Although the entire population is aware of the ecological method of
pig-breeding, almost a third of them do not consider this method of pork
production positive. Half of the subjects are not ready to pay a higher price
for the meat produced by means of the ecologically acceptable method, in spite
of the fact that they believe such meat to be of higher quality. Due to this
reason, at this moment ecologically produced pork does not have a notable effect
on market flows and market regulation. In order to obtain such an effect,
certain requirements need to be fulfilled. This pertains primarily to the growth
of the purchasing power of the population, ecological awareness and changes in
the diet of our population towards the consumption of healthier foods.
Key words: pigs /
ecological production / marketing / consumer attitudes / questionnaires /
Croatia
|
Acta agriculturae slovenica,
Supplement 1(August
2004),
191–193. |
DERIVING ECONOMIC WEIGHTS BY APPLYING THE PROFIT EQUATION METHOD TO A
HYPOTHETICAL HUNGARIAN LARGE WHITE PIG POPULATION
László CSATÓ
a), Zsófia VÍGH and István NAGY
a)
Faculty of Animal Science,
University of Kaposvár, Guba S. str. 40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary, Assoc.Prof.,
M.Sc.
Original scientific article
Language: English
ABSTRACT
The profit equation method was used in order to derive economic
weights on a hypothetical Hungarian Large White pig population. The size of the
population was held constant at the number of 100 sows which constructed four
equal age categories (12, 18, 24, 30 months of age). Average farrowing interval
was supposed to be 6 months, all of the sows were fertilised each year.
Conception rate and weaning rate was 85% and 90%, respectively. The average
litter size was set to be 10 thus total number of the weaned piglets per year
was 1530. After replacement 25 culled sows and 1505 pigs could be sold in every
year. Economic weight for number of piglets born was 1.1 EURO. Comparing the
economic weight of the born piglet with that of the unit of product it can be
concluded that reproductive performance receives strong emphasis in Hungary.
Key words: pig production /
pigs / breeds / Hungarian Large White / economics / economic weights / Hungary
|
Acta agriculturae slovenica,
Supplement 1(August
2004),
195–200. |
A COMPARISON AND DEVELOPMENT OF MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF STALLIONS AND
MARES ON THE LIPIZZANER STUD OF ĐAKOVO
Tomo RASTIJA,
Mirjana BABAN
a),
Zvonko ANTUNOVIĆ
and
Ivica MANDIĆ
a)
Faculty of Agriculture Osijek,
Trg sv. Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia,
Ass.Prof.,
Ph.D., M.Sc.,
e-mail:
mbaban@pfos.hr.
Original scientific article
Language: English
ABSTRACT
The research was conducted on 20 stallions and 20 mares of the
Lipizzaner breed in the Stud of Đakovo. Fiften physical measures of stallions
and mares were taken. The research results show a larger physical range of the
Đakovo Lipizzaner breed in comparison with the same breed in Slovenia and
Austria because of occassional blood refreshing with
stallions from Hungary and Romania. According to the conducted research, the
stallions had significantly and highly significantly larger physical measures
except the body length and the chest girth, where the mares had a slightly
bigger dimension.
Key words: horses / breeds
/ Lipizzaner breed / physical measures/ stallions / mares / Croatia
continued overleaf
