Agris category codes: L10
COBISS Code 1.08 Language:
English
GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF AUTOCHTHONOUS CATTLE BREEDS, CIKA AND BUSHA,
using microsatelLiteS
Mojca
SIMČIČ
a), Marko
ČEPON, Simon
HORVAT, Sonja
JOVANOVAC, Vesna
GANTNER, Peter DOVČ and Dragomir KOMPAN
a)
Univ. of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Fac., Dept. of Animal Science, Groblje 3,
SI-1230 Domžale, Slovenia
ABSTRACT Slovenian autochthonous Cika and Croatian autochthonous
Busha cattle were characterized by using nine microsatellites. For each
locus, allelic frequencies and heterozygosity were computed. The number of
alleles identified for studied polymorphic loci varied from six to ten in
Cika population and from four to eight in Busha population. The mean number
of alleles per locus was eight (Cika) and five (Busha), respectively. The
average expected heterozygosity (Hexp) for the nine loci ranged
between 0.7733 (Cika) and 0.7199 (Busha). The highest Hexp was
computed for locus BM2113 (0.8521) in Cika and 0.8099 in Busha,
suggesting that this locus could be the most informative for both
populations. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.6316 to 0.825 in Cika and
from 0.6667 to 1.0 in Busha indicating a high level of polymorphism for this
set of markers. The average observed heterozygosity was slightly lower in
Cika (0.7403) compared to Busha population (0.7775). Both breeds were in
genetic equilibrium according to the Hardy-Weinberg test. Nei’s standard
genetic distance D (Nei, 1978) was 0.065. The genetic difference between the
two breeds could be in accordance with their brachycerous origin. The used
set of markers proved informative and robust for genotyping in both Cika and
Busha breeds. This set of markers can now be applied for screening higher
numbers of animals to analyze possible sub-population structures, improve
our knowledge of origin and phylogenetic relationships to other breeds and
help to construct efficient preservation plans for these two endangered
breeds.
Agris category codes: L10
COBISS Code 1.08
Language:
English
GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF ALPINE SHEEP BREEDS
Chiara DALVIT a),
Elena SACCA, Martino CASSANDRO, Martina GERVASO, Emilio PASTORE and Edi PIASENTIER
a)
University of Padova, Department of Animal Science, Viale
dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to characterize from the
genetic point of view eight alpine sheep breeds reared in Italy (Bergamasca,
Biellese, Schwarzbraunes Bergschaf and Tiroler Bergschaf), Germany (Brillenschaf
and Weisses Bergschaf) and Slovenia (Bovška and Jezerzko-Solčavska) through
the use of microsatellite molecular markers. Allelic richness was rather
high in each breed highlighting a considerable genetic diversity. However,
the study evidenced a significant departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
in all analyzed breeds caused by a heterozygote deficiency. Such lack seems
to be caused by a rather high level of inbreeding. The genetic
differentiation among breeds was rather low (FST = 0.064) but
significant. The neighbour-joining tree obtained from Reynolds’ genetic
distance estimates, showed the presence of three groups formed by the three
Bergschaf breeds, the Italian Bergamasca and Biellese and the two Slovenian
breeds together with the German Brillenschaf. Such grouping is in accordance
with the breeds’ region of origin and with their known history. Concluding,
microsatellite resulted to be a useful tool to investigate breed variability
and to characterize alpine sheep breeds. Obtained findings suggest the need
to set up a conservation plan aiming to safeguard and increase the genetic
variability of the studied breeds compromised by the high level of
inbreeding. Microsatellites genotyping could help to monitor breed
variability and to organize matings.
Agris category codes: L73
COBISS Code
1.08 Language:
English
AN INTEGRATED MAP
OF CATTLE CANDIDATE GENES FOR MASTITIS:
A STEP FORWARD TO NEW GENETIC MARKERS
a),
Tanja KUNEJ and Peter DOVČ
a)
Univ. of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Fac., Dept. of Animal
Science, Groblje 3, SI-1230 Domžale, Slovenia
ABSTRACT To facilitate the development of new genetic markers for
mastitis resistance or susceptibility we used genome-wide comparative
approach to review all known mastitis-associated loci. We assembled into a
map 233 loci that were identified by six different study approaches (QTLs,
association studies, expression experiments, AFLP-, miRNA- and epigenetic-
studies). To integrate data from different sources and to identify
overlapping regions we presented the results in the form of genetic map. The
collected data represent genetic background for mastitis-related traits in
cattle. Thirty most promising candidate genes (associated with mastitis in
different study approaches or at least in two independent studies, or/and
overlapping with QTL regions) were selected from database and in silico
searched for genetic variability and putative miRNA target sites in 3’UTR.
Thirty-one SNPs in the putative promoter/5' UTR (up to 2 kb upstream) of
eight candidate genes were found. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that some
promoter SNPs might potentially cause gain/loss of the putative
transcription factors. Promoter SNPs were also present in CG dinucleotides
and therefore possibly involved in gain/loss of CpG sites. In ten mastitis
candidate genes we found 56 SNPs in exons of which 21 were non-synonymous
substitutions. Additionally, 23 SNPs in intronic regions and 21 SNPs in
3’UTR were found. MiRNA target analysis revealed 89 putative target sites in
18 candidate genes; however, current SNPs were not identified in the miRNA
target binding sites or miRNAs expressed in mammary gland. For SNPs with a
putative regulatory role found in candidate genes, functional analyses and
association studies are needed to facilitate identification of mastitis
resistance or susceptibility alleles possibly involved in mastitis
regulatory pathways.
Agris category codes: L10, Q04
COBISS Code
1.08 Language:
English
INVESTIGATING PRKAG3 POLYMORPHISMS FOR TRAITS OF INTEREST IN DRY HAM
PRODUCTION
Martin
ŠKRLEP a),
Marjeta ČANDEK-POTOKAR, Tatjana KAVAR, Blaž ŠEGULA, Veronique SANTÉ-LHOUTELLIER
and Pere GOU
a)Agricultural Institute of Slovenia,
Hacquetova 17, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
ABSTRACT Genetic markers affecting proteolysis could prove useful
for selection of pigs suitable for dry ham production with lower salt
content and/or prolonged maturation. One of the candidate genes to affect
muscle metabolism, and consequently meat and dry-cured ham quality, is the
I199V polymorphism of PRKAG3 gene which is currently studied within the 6th
FP project TRUEFOOD (FOOD-CT-2006-016264) in three countries (France, Spain
and Slovenia). Presented results involve 569 Slovenian Duroc×Hampshire sired
commercial pigs slaughtered in 10 batches from which 723 hams were harvested
and processed into dry hams “kraški pršut”. Pigs were genotyped (PCR-RFLP)
and traits of interest measured (backfat thickness, meat%, carcass weight,
ham weight, ham subcutaneous fat thickness, pH in semimembranosus
muscle, colour, processing losses). Genotype frequencies on codon 199 of
PRKAG3 gene were 12.7%, 55.5% and 31.8% for I/I, I/V and V/V, respectively.
Results indicate an effect of PRKAG3 gene polymorphism on carcass traits
(carcass weight, ham weight, ham subcutaneous fat thickness), meat quality (m.gluteus
medius colour score and Minolta L*) and processing losses (weight losses
at the end of salting, resting and drying phase).
